Physical Activity and Cancer: How Staying Active Helps Fight Cancer Progression and Mortality in South Africa
Original Article: https://bjsm.bmj.com/content/early/2025/01/02/bjsports-2024-108813.info
Why Physical Activity Matters for Cancer
Cancer is a major cause of death worldwide, with around 10 million deaths annually. About 30–40% of cancers can be prevented by addressing lifestyle factors like smoking, poor diet, obesity, and physical inactivity. For people with cancer, staying active might reduce the risk of progression, recurrence, and death. Studies show that regular moderate-to-vigorous physical activity can lower cancer mortality rates significantly.
The Study: Physical Activity and Cancer Outcomes
A recent South African study looked at over 28,000 individuals with stage 1 cancer. It found that people who exercised regularly before their diagnosis had better survival rates and slower cancer progression compared to those who were inactive. Key findings include:
- Moderate to high physical activity reduced cancer progression risk by up to 27%.
- Even low levels of physical activity offered significant benefits compared to no activity.
- People with higher physical activity levels before diagnosis had better survival rates, especially for breast, prostate, and colorectal cancers.
How Physical Activity Helps Fight Cancer
Physical activity may fight cancer by strengthening the immune system, balancing hormone levels, and improving overall health. For example:
- By boosting immune cells that help fight cancer
- By regulating hormones e.g., estrogen and testosterone, which are linked to some cancers
- Regular exercise reduces cancer recurrence and lowers overall mortality rates.
Promoting physical activity can be a powerful tool in preventing and managing cancer. Engaging in as little as 60 minutes of moderate activity per week can make a significant difference.
