Decline in Bariatric Surgery as GLP-1 Medications Rise

Original Article: https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2825349
GLP-1 Medications Gaining Popularity
New medications called Glucagon Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists (known as GLP-1 RAs such as Semaglutide and Liraglutide), have grown increasingly popular for people with type 2 diabetes and/or obesity. These medications are used increasingly as an alternative to bariatric surgery for treating obesity.
Drop in Bariatric Surgery Demand
Between 2022 and 2023 as the number of patients prescribed GLP-1 RAs increased dramatically, during the same time period, the rate of bariatric surgeries decreased by 26%. People who underwent surgery tended to have more severe medical conditions than those offered GLP-1 medications or receiving no treatment at all. This shift highlights how medications may appeal to patients as a less invasive option compared to surgery.
Future of Obesity Treatments
While GLP-1 medications are effective, challenges like high costs, side effects, and potential weight regain remain. With less than 6% of the study population receiving any obesity treatment, there is a large unmet need. Policymakers and clinicians must weigh the pros and cons of medications and surgeries to provide better access to obesity care.